Food: Where Does It Come From?

India has a great variety of food, from idli and dosa in the south to makki ki roti and sarson ka saag in the north. In this chapter you will learn that every dish is made of ingredients, the materials needed to prepare it, such as rice, dal, oil, spices and vegetables. You will trace each ingredient back to its source and find that all our food comes from plants or animals. Different parts of plants are eaten: roots (carrot, radish), stems (potato, ginger), leaves (spinach, cabbage), flowers (cauliflower, banana flower), fruits (mango, tomato) and seeds (wheat, gram). Some plants have two or more edible parts, such as the mustard plant. You will also grow sprouts from moong or chana seeds. The chapter explains the food we get from animals: milk from cows, buffaloes and goats, eggs and meat from poultry, fish from water bodies and honey from bees, which collect nectar from flowers. Finally, it groups animals by what they eat into herbivores, carnivores and omnivores.

Detailed Worksheet: Food: Where Does It Come From? Section A - Definitions (10 marks) 1. What are ingredients? List the ingredients of any one dish cooked in your home. (2 marks) 2. Define herbivores and carnivores with two examples of each. (2 marks) 3. What are omnivores? Give two examples. (2 marks) 4. What is nectar? How do bees make honey from it? (2 marks) 5. What are sprouts? How are they prepared? (2 marks) Section B - Calculations and Applications (15 marks) 6. Name the edible plant part in each: (i) carrot (ii) potato (iii) spinach (iv) cauliflower (v) mango (vi) wheat. (3 marks) 7. Classify the following animals into herbivores, carnivores and omnivores: cow, lion, crow, deer, tiger, bear, goat, human, frog. (3 marks) 8. A dairy has 20 cows, each giving 12 litres of milk per day, and 10 buffaloes, each giving 8 litres per day. (i) Find the total milk produced per day. (ii) Find the milk produced in a week. (iii) Name two food items made from milk. (3 marks) 9. List the ingredients of kheer and identify whether each comes from a plant or an animal. (3 marks) 10. A bee-keeper has 5 beehive boxes, and each box gives about 4 kg of honey in a season. (i) How much honey does he get in one season? (ii) If he sells honey at Rs 400 per kg, how much does he earn? (iii) Why are bee-boxes kept near flowering fields? (3 marks) Section C - Diagrams (10 marks) 11. Draw a labelled diagram of a plant and label the root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit and seed. Write one food example for each part. (4 marks) 12. Draw diagrams to show the stages of sprouting moong seeds: dry seeds, soaked seeds and sprouted seeds after a day. Label the sprout. (3 marks) 13. Draw a flow diagram showing how honey reaches our home: flower -> bee -> beehive -> bee-keeper -> market -> home. Write one line about each step. (3 marks) Section D - Analysis and Higher-order Thinking (15 marks) 14. The mustard plant gives us two edible parts. (i) Name the two parts and the food items made from them. (ii) Name two other plants with more than one edible part. (iii) Why is it useful for farmers to grow such plants? (iv) Name one plant whose root and leaves are both eaten. (5 marks) 15. People in different regions eat different foods. (i) Why is rice eaten more in Kerala and West Bengal? (ii) Why is wheat eaten more in Punjab? (iii) How does the availability of fish affect food habits in coastal areas? (iv) Suggest one reason why food habits are changing today. (5 marks) 16. A student says, "Plants do not depend on any other source for food, but animals depend on plants." (i) Is this true? Explain. (ii) How does a lion, which eats only meat, still depend on plants? (iii) Draw a simple food chain with grass, deer and lion. (iv) What would happen to the lion if all grass disappeared? (5 marks) Instructions: Time allowed 2 hours. Attempt all sections. Draw all diagrams neatly in pencil and label every part.