Anatomy of Flowering Plants quiz

Which meristem is responsible for increase in the girth of plants?

Collenchyma is found in:

Which of these is a dead element of xylem?

Casparian strips are made of:

In a monocot leaf, the guard cells are:

Vascular bundles in a dicot stem are:

The xylem in roots is:

Bulliform cells are found in:

Gymnosperms lack:

In a dicot stem, the starch sheath is the:

What is the function of phloem parenchyma? (2 marks)

Why are companion cells important for sieve tubes? (2 marks)

What is the difference between radial and conjoint vascular bundles? (2 marks)

What is the role of the pericycle in roots? (2 marks)

Distinguish between protoxylem and metaxylem. (2 marks)

What are trichomes? How do they differ from root hairs? (2 marks)

Why is the dicot leaf called dorsiventral? (2 marks)

What is the role of sclerenchyma fibres in plants? (2 marks)

Distinguish between open and closed vascular bundles. (2 marks)

What are subsidiary cells? (2 marks)

A student counted stomata in a leaf: 60 on the lower surface and 12 on the upper surface in equal areas. Calculate the ratio of lower to upper stomata. Which type of leaf is this likely to be? (3 marks)

The epidermis of a leaf peel showed 25 stomata and 225 epidermal cells. Calculate the stomatal index. (3 marks)

Under a microscope with a 10x eyepiece and a 40x objective, a cell appears 2 mm long. Calculate the total magnification and the actual length of the cell in micrometres. (3 marks)

A maize stem section shows 60 vascular bundles, of which 40% are in the outer region. Calculate the number in the outer and inner regions. Why are the peripheral bundles smaller? (3 marks)

The endodermis of a root has 120 cells, of which 8 are passage cells without thickened walls. Calculate the percentage of passage cells and state their function. (3 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. A student observed a transverse section of a plant organ under a microscope. It showed an epidermis with unicellular hairs, a wide cortex of parenchyma cells, an endodermis with Casparian strips, a pericycle, and four patches of xylem alternating with four patches of phloem. The pith was small. (i) Identify the organ. (ii) Is it dicot or monocot? Give a reason. (iii) What is the function of Casparian strips? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. The vascular system consists of complex tissues, the phloem and the xylem. In dicotyledonous stems, cambium is present between phloem and xylem. Such bundles are called open vascular bundles. In monocotyledons, the vascular bundles have no cambium present in them. Hence, they are called closed. (i) What is cambium? (ii) Why can monocot stems not increase in girth by secondary growth? (iii) Name one plant with each type of bundle. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. The epidermal tissue system forms the outer-most covering of the whole plant body. It comprises epidermal cells, stomata and the epidermal appendages, trichomes and hairs. The epidermis is usually single-layered. It is covered by a waxy layer called the cuticle, which prevents loss of water. (i) What is the function of the cuticle? (ii) Describe the structure of a stoma. (iii) What are the functions of trichomes? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In a grass leaf, some adaxial epidermal cells along the veins modify into large, empty, colourless cells called bulliform cells. When the bulliform cells have absorbed water and are turgid, the leaf surface is exposed. When they are flaccid due to water stress, they make the leaves curl inwards. (i) What type of leaf is a grass leaf? (ii) How does curling help the plant? (iii) Name two other features of this type of leaf. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Xylem functions as a conducting tissue for water and minerals from roots to the stem and leaves. It is composed of four different kinds of elements, namely tracheids, vessels, xylem fibres and xylem parenchyma. Gymnosperms lack vessels in their xylem. (i) Which xylem elements are living? (ii) What is the difference between tracheids and vessels? (iii) Which group of plants has vessels as a characteristic feature? (5 marks)

Describe the different types of meristematic tissues with their positions and functions. Draw a diagram showing their location in a plant. (6 marks)

Describe the structure and function of the simple permanent tissues. Draw labelled diagrams of parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma. (6 marks)

Describe the internal structure of a dicot stem with a labelled diagram. How does it differ from a monocot stem? (6 marks)

Compare the internal structure of dicot and monocot roots with labelled diagrams. (6 marks)

Describe the internal structure of a dorsiventral leaf and compare it with an isobilateral leaf. Draw labelled diagrams. (6 marks)