Environment and Sustainable Development quiz

The Brundtland Commission report 'Our Common Future' was published in:

Which gas is mainly responsible for ozone depletion?

The Chipko movement was started in the:

The Appiko movement took place in:

The Montreal Protocol aimed to:

Which of these is a non-conventional source of energy?

Gobar gas is produced from:

The Central Pollution Control Board was set up in:

Which of these is a bio-pesticide?

Carrying capacity is maintained when the rate of resource extraction is:

Why is the environment called the total planetary inheritance? (2 marks)

What are the causes of global warming? (2 marks)

What is the opportunity cost of environmental degradation? (2 marks)

Why is CNG preferred in urban transport? (2 marks)

How do mini-hydel plants help in sustainable development? (2 marks)

What is bio-composting? (2 marks)

What is the role of traditional knowledge in health care? (2 marks)

How does deforestation affect the environment? (2 marks)

Why is the demand for environmental resources rising? (2 marks)

What is meant by 'absorptive capacity'? (2 marks)

A forest of 1,000 hectares regenerates 2% of its timber each year, but 3% is cut. Calculate the net annual loss in hectares and the number of years until half the forest is lost (assume a constant annual loss on the original area). (3 marks)

A solar panel produces 4 kWh per day. Calculate the energy produced in a year (365 days). If electricity costs Rs 7 per kWh, calculate the annual saving. (3 marks)

A city's air has 180 micrograms of particulate matter per cubic metre, against a safe limit of 60. Calculate how many times the safe limit this is. (3 marks)

A family uses 2 LPG cylinders a month instead of 150 kg of firewood. Calculate the firewood saved in a year. (3 marks)

India's population is 140 crore and its forest area 7.1 crore hectares. Calculate the per capita forest area in hectares. (3 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. The environment supplies resources, assimilates waste, sustains life and provides aesthetic services. Today, the demand for resources exceeds their supply, and the wastes generated are beyond the absorptive capacity of the environment. Many rivers are polluted and many species face extinction. (i) What happens when carrying capacity is exceeded? (ii) Give an example of the assimilative function. (iii) Why is the environment considered a common resource? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In Delhi, the air was heavily polluted by vehicles. The Supreme Court ordered public transport buses to use CNG. Since then, the level of air pollution from these vehicles has fallen. (i) Why is CNG a cleaner fuel? (ii) Name two other measures to reduce vehicle pollution. (iii) Why is air pollution a serious problem in Indian cities? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In rural areas, households use wood, dung cake and other biomass as fuel. This causes deforestation, a loss of green cover, wastage of cattle dung and air pollution. Subsidised LPG and gobar gas plants are being provided to reduce these problems. (i) How does gobar gas help farmers? (ii) Why is LPG a clean fuel? (iii) What is the by-product of a gobar gas plant? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. The Brundtland Commission defined sustainable development as development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of the future generation to meet their own needs. Herman Daly suggested limiting the human population, adopting efficient technology, and harvesting renewable resources at a sustainable rate. (i) What is the main aim of sustainable development? (ii) Give one of Daly's strategies. (iii) Why is it important to use non-renewable resources carefully? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Global warming is a gradual increase in the average temperature of the earth's lower atmosphere as a result of an increase in greenhouse gases since the Industrial Revolution. The burning of fossil fuels and deforestation are the main causes. (i) Name two effects of global warming. (ii) What was the aim of the Kyoto Protocol? (iii) Suggest two ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. (5 marks)

Explain the functions of the environment. Why is the environment facing a crisis today? (6 marks)

Explain global environmental issues such as global warming and ozone depletion, with their causes, effects and international responses. (6 marks)

Describe the state of India's environment, with reference to land degradation, biodiversity loss, air pollution and water contamination. (6 marks)

Explain the concept of sustainable development. Describe Herman Daly's views and the strategies for sustainable development in India. (6 marks)

Explain the role of non-conventional energy sources, traditional practices and people's movements in protecting the environment. (6 marks)