Poverty quiz

Who was the first to discuss the concept of a poverty line in India?

The calorie norm for rural areas used for the poverty line was:

The head count ratio measures:

Which programme guarantees 100 days of wage employment in rural areas?

Relative poverty refers to:

Which of these is a minimum basic needs programme?

Who among these is likely to be among the rural poor?

Transient poverty refers to people who:

The National Rural Livelihoods Mission is also known as:

Which of these is a cause of poverty in India?

Who are the urban poor? (2 marks)

Why is the poverty line different for rural and urban areas? (2 marks)

Why has the number of poor not fallen as fast as the poverty ratio? (2 marks)

How does unemployment cause poverty? (2 marks)

How does the PDS help the poor? (2 marks)

What is the role of self-help groups in reducing poverty? (2 marks)

Why is land reform important for removing rural poverty? (2 marks)

What is the trickle-down approach? (2 marks)

Why is education important for removing poverty? (2 marks)

What are social security programmes? Give an example. (2 marks)

A family of 5 has a monthly income of Rs 4,500. If the poverty line is Rs 1,000 per person per month, is the family poor? Calculate the gap. (3 marks)

The poverty ratio fell from 37% to 22% over 7 years. Calculate the fall in percentage points and the average annual fall. (3 marks)

A state has 8 crore people and a poverty ratio of 15%. Calculate the number of poor. (3 marks)

A self-help group of 15 women gets a loan of Rs 1.5 lakh at 12% a year. Calculate the annual interest and the loan per member. (3 marks)

The price of rice in the open market is Rs 40 per kg and at a PDS shop Rs 3 per kg. Calculate the saving for a family that buys 35 kg a month. (3 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Ramesh is a landless labourer in a village. He gets work only during the sowing and harvesting seasons. His family has no savings, and his children often drop out of school to work. During a drought, the family had to borrow money from a moneylender at a high rate of interest. (i) What type of poverty does Ramesh's family face? (ii) Why are landless labourers more likely to be poor? (iii) Suggest two government programmes that could help him. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Poverty in India has been measured by the Planning Commission and later expert groups. Earlier, the poverty line was based on calorie intake, and later on consumption expenditure. Many economists argue that the poverty line ignores health, education, clean water and sanitation. (i) What is a poverty line? (ii) Why is a calorie-based measure inadequate? (iii) What is multidimensional poverty? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act provides at least 100 days of wage employment in a year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. Women are given priority, and at least one-third of the beneficiaries should be women. (i) What is the aim of MGNREGA? (ii) How does it help women? (iii) Give one criticism of the scheme. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In India, the poor are mostly found in rural areas and in states such as Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand and Odisha. In urban areas, the poor live in slums with poor sanitation. Many migrate from villages to cities in search of work. (i) Why is poverty concentrated in some states? (ii) Why do people migrate to cities? (iii) How does migration affect urban poverty? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. The government's approach to poverty reduction has three dimensions. The first is growth-oriented. The second is to create specific programmes for generating incomes and employment. The third is to provide minimum basic amenities such as food, education, health, water supply and sanitation. (i) Why did growth alone not reduce poverty? (ii) Give one example of an employment programme. (iii) Give one example of a basic needs programme. (5 marks)

Who are the poor? Describe the characteristics of the rural and urban poor in India. (6 marks)

Explain how poverty is measured in India. What are the problems with the poverty line approach? (6 marks)

Explain the causes of poverty in India. (6 marks)

Describe the poverty alleviation programmes in India under the three-pronged strategy. (6 marks)

Critically evaluate India's poverty alleviation programmes. Suggest measures to make them more effective. (6 marks)