Inside Our Earth quiz

The uppermost layer of the Earth is the:

The core is made mainly of:

Granite is an example of:

Marble is formed from:

Fossils are usually found in:

The mantle extends to a depth of about:

Basalt is formed when lava:

Clay changes into which metamorphic rock?

The oceanic crust is made mainly of:

The thinnest layer of the Earth is the:

Why is igneous rock called primary rock? (2 marks)

How are sedimentary rocks formed? (2 marks)

Name two minerals and their uses. (2 marks)

What is magma and what is lava? (2 marks)

Why are rocks useful to us? Give two examples. (2 marks)

What happens to rocks in the rock cycle? (2 marks)

Distinguish between intrusive and extrusive rocks. (2 marks)

State the thickness of the crust under the continents and under the oceans. (2 marks)

Name two famous monuments made of rocks and the rock used. (2 marks)

Why is the core under very high pressure? (2 marks)

The Earth's radius is about 6400 km. The crust is 35 km thick and the mantle extends to 2900 km. Find the thickness of the core region. (3 marks)

The temperature in a deep mine rises by about 1 degree C for every 100 m of depth. If the surface temperature is 25 degrees C, find the temperature at a depth of 3.2 km. (3 marks)

A geology kit has 24 rock samples: 10 igneous, 8 sedimentary and the rest metamorphic. Find the number and percentage of metamorphic rocks. (3 marks)

The deepest borehole reached about 12 km. What fraction of the Earth's radius of 6400 km is this? Express as a percentage (to two decimal places). (3 marks)

Arrange these depths in increasing order and name the layer at each: 20 km under a continent, 1000 km, 5000 km, 3 km under the ocean floor. (3 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In the Deccan plateau, large areas are covered with dark rock formed millions of years ago when lava flowed out of cracks in the Earth. (i) Name the rock. (ii) Is it intrusive or extrusive? (iii) What kind of soil forms from it? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In Makrana, Rajasthan, white marble is quarried and was used to build the Taj Mahal. (i) What type of rock is marble? (ii) From which rock does it form? (iii) What conditions are needed for this change? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Students visited a river bank and saw layers of rock with impressions of leaves and shells. (i) What type of rock is it? (ii) What are the impressions called? (iii) How were the layers formed? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. A scientist explained that the Earth is like a boiled egg: a thin shell, a thick white part and a yolk at the centre. (i) Which part is like the crust? (ii) Which is like the mantle? (iii) Which is like the core? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. A granite block is broken down by rain and wind into small particles that are carried by a river and deposited in the sea. Over time, they form a new rock. (i) What new rock forms? (ii) What processes broke down the granite? (iii) What could this new rock become under heat and pressure? (5 marks)

Describe the interior of the Earth with a labelled diagram. (6 marks)

Explain the three types of rocks with examples and their formation. (6 marks)

Draw and explain the rock cycle. (6 marks)

Explain the uses of rocks and minerals in daily life, giving six examples. (6 marks)

Draw a diagram showing a volcano with magma inside the crust and lava on the surface, and explain how intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks form. (6 marks)