Pollution of Air and Water quiz

The poisonous gas produced by the incomplete burning of fuels is:

Acid rain is mainly caused by:

The ozone layer is damaged mainly by:

Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?

Water that is fit for drinking is called:

Which monument in India is threatened by acid rain and air pollution from nearby industries?

The chemical commonly added to water to kill germs is:

The Ganga Action Plan was launched in the year:

Excessive growth of algae in water bodies is caused mainly by:

Which of the following is not a cause of air pollution?

Name two sources of sulphur dioxide in the air and one harmful effect of this gas. (2 marks)

How does carbon monoxide harm the human body? (2 marks)

What is global warming? Name one natural and one human cause. (2 marks)

Why is the burning of crop stubble harmful? (2 marks)

What is meant by the term "marble cancer"? (2 marks)

How does untreated sewage pollute rivers? (2 marks)

Why is hot water released from power plants harmful to aquatic life? (2 marks)

Why is CNG preferred over petrol and diesel in public transport? (2 marks)

Why is clear water not always safe for drinking? (2 marks)

What is the role of trees in reducing air pollution? (2 marks)

The PM2.5 level in a city was 240 micrograms per cubic metre in November and 60 micrograms per cubic metre in March. Find the percentage decrease from November to March. If the safe limit is 60, how many times the safe limit was the November level? (3 marks)

A factory burns 50 tonnes of coal a day, and each tonne of coal releases about 20 kg of sulphur dioxide. Find the sulphur dioxide released in a day and in 30 days. If a scrubber removes 90% of it, how much sulphur dioxide is released in 30 days? (3 marks)

A school uses 30,000 litres of water a month. After installing low-flow taps and rainwater harvesting, its use falls by 25%. How much water does it now use, and how much is saved in a year? (3 marks)

A town produces 12 million litres of sewage a day, but its treatment plant can treat only 8 million litres. What percentage of the sewage is treated, and how much untreated sewage enters the river each week? (3 marks)

A car travels 15,000 km a year and releases about 120 g of carbon dioxide per km. Find the carbon dioxide released in a year in kg. If the owner uses public transport for one-third of these kilometres instead, how much carbon dioxide is saved from the car? (3 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In winter, a thick haze covers a big city for many days. Schools are closed, flights are delayed, and many people complain of coughing and burning eyes. The haze is caused by smoke from vehicles, factories and burning of crop stubble mixed with fog. (i) What is this haze called? (ii) Name two pollutants present in it. (iii) Suggest three measures to reduce it. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. The Taj Mahal in Agra is made of white marble. Scientists found that pollutants from nearby industries and vehicles were turning the marble yellow and causing tiny pits on its surface. The government then made rules for industries in the area around the monument. (i) Which gases cause acid rain, and how does it damage marble? (ii) What do suspended particles do to the marble? (iii) Name one measure taken to protect the Taj Mahal. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. A farmer used large amounts of fertilisers on his fields near a pond. After heavy rain, the pond turned green with thick algae, and many fish died within a few weeks. (i) Why did algae grow so much in the pond? (ii) Why did the fish die? (iii) Suggest two ways in which the farmer could prevent this. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In a village, people fell ill with diarrhoea after drinking water from a hand pump located close to an open drain. The health worker advised them to boil the water before drinking and to shift the drain. (i) How did the water become contaminated? (ii) How does boiling make the water safe? (iii) Name two other methods of purifying water at home. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Scientists have recorded that the average temperature of the Earth has risen over the last hundred years. Glaciers in the Himalayas are shrinking, and many coastal cities are worried about rising sea levels. (i) Which gases are mainly responsible for this rise in temperature? (ii) How can rising temperatures affect the rivers that are fed by Himalayan glaciers? (iii) Suggest two ways to reduce the release of these gases. (5 marks)

Draw a labelled diagram showing the main sources of air pollution in a city. Name five air pollutants, their sources and their harmful effects on health and the environment. (6 marks)

Draw a labelled diagram of the greenhouse effect. Explain how the greenhouse effect keeps the Earth warm, how an increase in greenhouse gases leads to global warming, and its possible effects on the Earth. (6 marks)

Draw a flowchart showing the formation of acid rain and its effects. Explain how it damages buildings, monuments, plants and aquatic life, and suggest three measures to reduce acid rain. (6 marks)

Draw a labelled diagram of a river being polluted by a city and a factory. Explain the sources and effects of water pollution, and describe the aims of the Ganga Action Plan. (6 marks)

Draw a labelled diagram of the steps in a water treatment plant. Explain why water must be purified before drinking, describe three methods of purification at home, and suggest four ways to save water. (6 marks)