Reaching the Age of Adolescence quiz

Adolescence generally covers the age group of:

The male hormone produced by the testes is:

The gland that controls the release of hormones by the testes and ovaries is the:

The Adam's apple is formed by the growth of the:

A deficiency of iodine in the diet can cause:

Insulin is produced by the:

The chromosome pair in a male is:

The hormone released by the adrenal glands that helps the body cope with stress and anger is:

The first menstrual flow at puberty is called:

Pimples appear on the face of many adolescents because of the increased activity of the:

List four changes that take place in the body during puberty. (2 marks)

Why do some adolescent boys have a hoarse or cracking voice? (2 marks)

What is the role of the pituitary gland in the body? (2 marks)

Why are endocrine glands called ductless glands? (2 marks)

Name the hormone produced by the thyroid gland. Why is iodised salt recommended? (2 marks)

What is diabetes? Which hormone is involved? (2 marks)

Why is personal hygiene especially important during adolescence? (2 marks)

Why should adolescents avoid junk food and eat a balanced diet? (2 marks)

Why do growth spurts make some adolescents feel self-conscious, and how can they cope? (2 marks)

Write two myths about adolescence and the scientific facts that correct them. (2 marks)

At 10 years of age, a girl has reached about 84% of her full height. If she is 126 cm tall at 10, find her probable full height and how much more she will grow. (3 marks)

At 14 years of age, a boy has reached about 92% of his full height. If he is 161 cm tall, find his probable full height. Find his probable height at 16 years, when boys reach about 98% of their full height. (3 marks)

A human body cell has 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are present in (i) a sperm (ii) an egg (iii) the zygote formed by their fusion? Which of these carries the chromosome that decides the sex of the child? (3 marks)

An adolescent needs about 2400 kilocalories of energy a day. If 55% comes from carbohydrates, 15% from proteins and the rest from fats, find the energy from each nutrient. (3 marks)

A survey of 200 adolescents found that 60 skipped breakfast regularly and 90 exercised for at least 30 minutes a day. Find the percentage who skipped breakfast and the percentage who did not exercise regularly. Suggest one reason why both habits matter. (3 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Ravi, a 13-year-old boy, noticed that he had suddenly grown taller, his voice had begun to crack, and pimples had appeared on his face. He felt worried and did not know whom to ask. (i) What stage of life is Ravi in? (ii) Explain the reason for each change he noticed. (iii) What advice would you give him to deal with his worries? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In a village where the soil and water lack iodine, many people have swelling in the neck. The health department distributed iodised salt in the area. (i) Name the condition and the gland affected. (ii) Name the hormone that is not made properly without iodine. (iii) How does iodised salt help? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. A biology teacher explained that tadpoles change into adult frogs through metamorphosis, and that this change is controlled by a hormone. In water with too little iodine, tadpoles fail to become adults. (i) Name the hormone that controls metamorphosis in frogs and the gland that produces it. (ii) Why does lack of iodine stop metamorphosis? (iii) Which hormones control metamorphosis in insects? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. When a family's first two children were girls, some relatives blamed the mother. A doctor explained to the family how the sex of a child is decided. (i) Which chromosomes does the mother contribute to every child? (ii) Which parent's chromosome decides whether the child is a boy or a girl? (iii) Explain why the relatives' view is scientifically wrong. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. During exams, Meena felt her heart beating fast and her palms sweating before entering the hall. Her teacher explained that a hormone had been released in her body to help her face the situation. (i) Name the hormone and the gland that releases it. (ii) Give two effects of this hormone on the body. (iii) Suggest two healthy ways to manage exam stress. (5 marks)

Draw a labelled diagram showing the endocrine glands in the human body. Name the hormone produced by each gland and state its function. (6 marks)

Draw a labelled diagram showing how the sex of a child is determined. Explain the roles of the X and Y chromosomes and why the chances of having a boy or a girl are equal. (6 marks)

Draw a graph using the following data on the percentage of full height reached by boys at different ages: 8 years 72%, 10 years 78%, 12 years 84%, 14 years 92%, 16 years 98%, 18 years 100%. Describe the growth pattern and explain why growth is fastest during puberty. (6 marks)

Draw a flowchart showing the stages of metamorphosis in a frog. Explain the role of thyroxine and iodine in this process, and compare it with the role of hormones in the growth of humans during adolescence. (6 marks)

Design a labelled poster on "Healthy habits for adolescents". Explain the importance of a balanced diet, personal hygiene, physical exercise and avoiding drugs, giving two specific examples for each. (6 marks)