Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife quiz

About what percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by land?

Which of these is a cause of land degradation?

The thin layer of grainy substance covering the Earth's surface in which plants grow is called:

Rows of trees planted to check wind movement and protect soil are called:

Most of the Earth's fresh water is found in:

Which method of irrigation saves the most water?

The natural vegetation of a region mainly depends on:

Protected areas where wildlife is preserved in its natural habitat with no human use allowed except tourism are:

Van Mahotsav is associated with:

CITES is an international agreement to protect:

Why are fertile plains and river valleys densely populated? (2 marks)

Name four factors that affect soil formation. (2 marks)

What is mulching? How does it help the soil? (2 marks)

What is contour ploughing? (2 marks)

Name two reasons for water scarcity. (2 marks)

How does water pollution occur? Give two sources. (2 marks)

Name two endangered animals of India. (2 marks)

What are the main causes of landslides? (2 marks)

What is a wildlife sanctuary? Name one in India. (2 marks)

How do vultures help the environment? Why has their number declined? (2 marks)

A leaking tap wastes one drop every second, and 20 drops make 1 mL. How many litres of water are wasted in a day? (3 marks)

In a district, forest area fell from 1,200 square km in 2000 to 960 square km in 2020. Find the percentage decrease and the average loss per year. (3 marks)

A farmer using flood irrigation uses 10,000 litres of water a day for his field. Drip irrigation saves 60% of this water. How much water does he use with drip irrigation, and how much does he save in 30 days? (3 marks)

Soil formation is very slow: about 2.5 cm of topsoil may take 500 years to form. How long would it take to form 10 cm of topsoil? If 1 cm is lost by erosion every 5 years, how long would it take to lose 10 cm? (3 marks)

A tiger reserve had 40 tigers in 2010. Its tiger population increased by 25% by 2018 and by another 20% by 2026. Find the tiger population in 2018 and 2026. (3 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In a hilly region, heavy rains caused a mass of rock, soil and debris to slide down a slope, blocking a highway and burying houses. (i) What is this event called? (ii) Give two reasons why it happens. (iii) Suggest two ways to reduce such disasters. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In a dry village of Rajasthan, people built underground tanks to collect rainwater from rooftops and courtyards. The water lasts them for months. (i) What is this method called? (ii) Why is it important in dry areas? (iii) Suggest two other ways to conserve water in such villages. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. On steep slopes in the hills, farmers cut broad flat steps to grow crops. Elsewhere, they build lines of stones and grass along the contours. (i) Name the two methods described. (ii) How do they reduce soil erosion? (iii) Name one more method of soil conservation. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Poachers in a forest hunted rhinoceroses for their horns and tigers for their skins. The government set up anti-poaching squads and declared the area a national park. (i) Why do poachers hunt these animals? (ii) How does declaring a national park help? (iii) What can local people do to help protect wildlife? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. A factory near a river released untreated waste into it. Fish died and villagers downstream fell sick after using the water. (i) What problem is described? (ii) Give two effects of this problem. (iii) Suggest two measures to prevent it. (5 marks)

Draw a labelled diagram of a soil profile. Explain how soil is formed and the factors affecting its formation. (6 marks)

Draw labelled sketches of any three methods of soil conservation. Explain how each works. (6 marks)

Draw a labelled diagram of the water cycle. Explain why fresh water is scarce and suggest methods for its conservation. (6 marks)

Draw a chart showing how natural vegetation changes from tropical evergreen forests to deciduous forests, grasslands and thorny shrubs with decreasing rainfall. Explain each type. (6 marks)

Draw a flowchart showing the causes of the decline of wildlife and the measures for its conservation. Explain the role of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and biosphere reserves. (6 marks)