Resources and Development quiz

Which of the following is a renewable resource?

Which soil is also known as regur soil?

Laterite soil develops in areas with:

The first International Earth Summit was held in 1992 at:

In which state is mining the main cause of land degradation?

Red soil is red in colour due to the presence of:

Which of the following is an example of an international resource?

Planting lines of trees to break the force of wind is called:

Old alluvial soil is called:

The approximate percentage of India's land area under plains is:

Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources. (2 marks)

What is Agenda 21? (2 marks)

Distinguish between bangar and khadar. (2 marks)

What is a gully? How are badlands formed? (2 marks)

How does over-irrigation cause land degradation? (2 marks)

What are the main features of laterite soil? Which crops grow well in it? (2 marks)

Why is the land under forest in India below the desired level? (2 marks)

Why is black soil called self-ploughing? (2 marks)

What is meant by potential resources? Give an example from India. (2 marks)

Why is it important to conserve resources? (2 marks)

A village has 500 hectares of land: 280 ha cultivated, 90 ha forest, 50 ha pasture, 40 ha culturable wasteland and 40 ha settlements and roads. Calculate the percentage of each land use. Which category could be converted to farmland? (3 marks)

India's gross cropped area is about 198 million ha and its net sown area about 140 million ha. Calculate the cropping intensity (gross cropped area divided by net sown area, times 100). What does it indicate? (3 marks)

About 130 million hectares of land in India is degraded. Calculate this as a percentage of India's total area of 328.7 million ha. Suggest two measures to reduce degradation. (3 marks)

A hill farmer builds 5 terraces, each 40 m long and 6 m wide. Calculate the total cultivable area in square metres and in hectares (1 ha = 10,000 square metres). Why is terrace farming used in hills? (3 marks)

A shelter belt reduces wind speed by 40% over a field. If the original wind speed is 50 km/h, calculate the reduced speed. Explain how this protects the soil in Rajasthan. (3 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. The Sukhomajri village in Haryana and the Jhabua district in Madhya Pradesh show that land degradation can be reversed. In Sukhomajri, people built check dams and protected the hills from grazing. In Jhabua, the watershed development programme helped restore degraded land. (i) What is land degradation? (ii) How did the villagers of Sukhomajri restore their land? (iii) Suggest one role of community participation in conservation. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Black soil is made up of extremely fine clayey material. It is known for its capacity to hold moisture. It is rich in soil nutrients such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime. It is poor in phosphoric content. It develops deep cracks during hot weather, which help in the proper aeration of the soil. (i) In which regions is black soil found? (ii) Why is it suitable for cotton? (iii) What is its parent rock? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. The Brundtland Commission Report of 1987 introduced the concept of sustainable development. It was later published as a book titled 'Our Common Future'. In 1992, more than 100 heads of states met in Rio de Janeiro for the first International Earth Summit to address urgent problems of environmental protection and socio-economic development. (i) Define sustainable development. (ii) What was the main aim of Agenda 21? (iii) Give one example of sustainable use of a resource. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. India has land under a variety of relief features. About 43% of the land area is plain, which provides facilities for agriculture and industry. Mountains account for 30% and ensure the perennial flow of some rivers, provide facilities for tourism and ecological aspects. About 27% of the area is plateau, which possesses rich reserves of minerals, fossil fuels and forests. (i) Which landform covers the largest area of India? (ii) Why are mountains important? (iii) Why are plateaus important? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Soil erosion is the denudation of the soil cover and its subsequent washing down. Running water cuts through clayey soils and makes deep channels called gullies. The land becomes unfit for cultivation and is known as bad land. In the Chambal basin such lands are called ravines. Sometimes water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. (i) What is a gully? (ii) What is sheet erosion? (iii) Suggest two methods to control soil erosion. (5 marks)

Classify resources on the basis of origin, exhaustibility, ownership and status of development with examples. Draw a flowchart. (6 marks)

What is resource planning? Explain its three stages. Why is it necessary for a country like India? (6 marks)

Describe the land use pattern in India. Why has the net sown area changed little over the years? Explain the causes and solutions of land degradation. (6 marks)

Describe the main types of soil in India, their distribution, features and suitable crops. Mark them on an outline map of India. (6 marks)

What is soil erosion? Explain its causes and types. Describe the methods of soil conservation with labelled sketches. (6 marks)