Water Resources quiz

About what percentage of the world's water is in the oceans?

The Bhakra Nangal dam is built on the river:

Who called dams the 'temples of modern India'?

Which state made rooftop rainwater harvesting compulsory for all houses?

Guls and kuls are traditional water channels found in the:

The Sardar Sarovar Dam is built on the river:

Bamboo drip irrigation is practised in:

India receives about what percentage of global precipitation?

Hirakud dam is built on the river:

In Rajasthan, underground tanks for storing rooftop rainwater are called:

Why is water scarcity a problem even in regions with abundant water? (2 marks)

How does industrialisation cause water scarcity? (2 marks)

Why are dams called multi-purpose projects? (2 marks)

What are the problems caused by large dams to the river ecosystem? (2 marks)

How do dams cause floods in some cases? (2 marks)

What is 'palar pani'? (2 marks)

What are khadins and johads? (2 marks)

How is rooftop rainwater harvesting done in Shillong? (2 marks)

Explain how inundation channels were used in Bengal. (2 marks)

What is the importance of the Hauz Khas tank in history? (2 marks)

A school has a roof area of 400 square metres. The annual rainfall is 800 mm and 75% of it can be collected. Calculate the water harvested in litres. If the school uses 20,000 litres a month, for how many months will this last? (3 marks)

In Meghalaya's bamboo drip irrigation, about 18 to 20 litres of water entering the bamboo pipes is reduced to 20 to 80 drops per minute at the plant site. If 20 litres enter per minute and the system feeds 400 plants, calculate the average water per plant per minute in millilitres. (3 marks)

A reservoir has a capacity of 900 million cubic metres. Due to sedimentation, it loses 0.5% of its capacity each year. Calculate the loss of capacity after 10 years, assuming the loss is calculated on the original capacity. (3 marks)

A village of 500 households uses 300 litres per household per day. Calculate the daily and annual water demand in litres. If a johad stores 3 crore litres, for how many days can it meet this demand? (3 marks)

A dam irrigates 2 lakh hectares and generates 1,200 MW of electricity. If 1 hectare needs 10,000 cubic metres of water per year, calculate the total water needed in cubic metres for irrigation per year. (3 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In hill and mountainous regions, people built diversion channels like the 'guls' or 'kuls' of the Western Himalayas for agriculture. Rooftop rainwater harvesting was commonly practised to store drinking water, particularly in Rajasthan. In the flood plains of Bengal, people developed inundation channels to irrigate their fields. (i) What are guls and kuls used for? (ii) Why was rooftop harvesting common in Rajasthan? (iii) Why have these traditional systems declined? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Multi-purpose projects and large dams have also been the cause of many new social movements like the 'Narmada Bachao Andolan' and the 'Tehri Dam Andolan'. Resistance to these projects has primarily been due to the large-scale displacement of local communities. Local people often had to give up their land, livelihood and their meagre access and control over resources for the greater good of the nation. (i) Why do people oppose large dams? (ii) What is the Narmada Bachao Andolan? (iii) Suggest one way to reduce the harm caused by displacement. (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. In Gendathur, a remote backward village in Mysuru, Karnataka, villagers have installed in their household's rooftop a rainwater harvesting system to meet their water needs. Nearly 200 households have installed this system and the village has earned the rare distinction of being rich in rainwater. Gendathur receives an annual precipitation of 1,000 mm. (i) How does rooftop harvesting help the village? (ii) If a roof of 100 square metres collects 80% of the rain, calculate the water harvested per year. (iii) Why should such systems be promoted in urban areas? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Water scarcity is not only caused by a shortage of water. The availability of water varies over space and time, mainly due to variations in seasonal and annual precipitation. Water scarcity may be an outcome of large and growing population and the consequent greater demand for water, and unequal access to it. A large population means more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food. (i) Give two causes of water scarcity. (ii) How does intensive agriculture affect groundwater? (iii) What is the qualitative aspect of water scarcity? (5 marks)

Read the passage and answer the questions. Inter-state water disputes are becoming common with regard to sharing the costs and benefits of multi-purpose projects. In the Krishna-Godavari dispute, objections were raised by Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh governments to the diversion of more water at Koyna by the Maharashtra government for a multi-purpose project. (i) Why do inter-state water disputes arise? (ii) Why did Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh object? (iii) Suggest one solution for such disputes. (5 marks)

Explain the causes of water scarcity in India. Why is it necessary to conserve and manage water resources? Give suggestions for conservation. (6 marks)

What are multi-purpose river projects? Explain their advantages and disadvantages. Mark four major dams on an outline map of India. (6 marks)

Describe the different traditional methods of rainwater harvesting in different parts of India and how they suit the local conditions. (6 marks)

Explain the rooftop rainwater harvesting system with a labelled diagram. How is it practised in Rajasthan, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu? (6 marks)

'Large dams have been criticised for many reasons.' Explain the ecological and social problems caused by dams. Suggest how we can balance development and sustainability. (6 marks)